HOUSTON – (May 25, 2023) – Visually striking layers of burnt orange, yellow, silver, brown and blue-tinged black are characteristic of banded iron formations, sedimentary rocks that may have prompted ...

Correlation between large igneous province activity and the ages of banded iron formations suggests that the latter may have facilitated mantle plume upwelling in the Archean and Proterozoic Earth.

Controversies have surrounded the rock from Greenland (lower right), and the significance of graphite (red) with apatite (turquoise) in such rocks, for the past 20+ years. Note the coarse-grain size ...