An artificial neural network models biological synapses and neurons and can be used to make predictions for complex data sets. Neural networks and their associated algorithms are among the most ...

Industrial control systems can be categorized in two types: open-loop and closed-loop systems. The open-loop control system is a continuous control system that provides no feedback from its output.

This input-process-output mechanism is called neural network feed-forward. Understanding the feed-forward mechanism is required in order to create a neural network that solves difficult practical ...