Differential equations are equations that contain derivatives. The equations are used in calculus to describe relationships among one or more variables. A solution to any series of equations can be ...

Delay differential equations (DDEs) extend the classical framework of differential equations by incorporating terms that depend on past states, thus capturing the intrinsic time delays found in many ...

Time-domain finite-difference (TDFD) method is the most dominant approach for seismic wavefield simulation. Due to the memory and computational cost of the computer, finite-difference (FD) simulations ...