Moxie Marlinspike—the pseudonym of an engineer who set a new standard for private messaging with the creation of the Signal Messenger—is now aiming to revolutionize AI chatbots in a similar way.

Last week, X’s Grok AI came under fire for the creation of nonconsensual sexual images of people. Days later, PBS reported that the Pentagon would be implementing Grok into its network. “It’s not a net-100 negative, but we do need to realize where the line should be drawn,” Holtz said.