Crude oil contains much more than just carbon and hydrogen; it also contains nitrogen, helium, and other gasses , as well as relatively small amounts of sulfur, heavy metals, and other impurities.

A simple, new technique relates product gravity to its elemental composition in a variety of processes, using data for Alberta heavy oils and bitumens. This approach allows integration of material ...

The crude oil price escalation and de-escalation formula for change in API gravity may result in payment of a higher price for a crude oil as a result of the increase in API gravity, when the ...